Logística farmaceútica en un hospital

El alcance de este TFM es desarrollar un sistema que permita gestionar el almacén general del servicio de farmacia para la reposición de las distintas áreas del hospital.Departamento de Organización de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de MercadosMáster en Logístic

Airflow patterns through a sliding door during opening and foot traffic in operating rooms

Producción CientíficaIt is common practice for operating rooms (OR) to have more pressure than the adjacent enclosures. This is to prevent the entry of potentially contaminated air and the consequent risk of wound infection. However, when the OR door is opened the pressure difference between the two areas disappears and can cause containment failures. If a person enters or leaves the OR during door operation, additional perturbations are also generated in the airflow pattern in the doorway. In this paper, instantaneous airflows are measured during the passage of a person through a sliding door in a real OR with the HVAC system working under operating conditions. An ultrasonic anemometer that measures the magnitude and direction of the instantaneous air velocity in the doorway is used. Results show that, even though the OR has a sliding door and an initial overpressure of 20 Pa, together with what is, a priori, a good HVAC system control strategy, a small volume of air enters the OR during a cycle of door opening and closing even without the passage of a person. Furthermore, if a person walks through the door the volume of air entering the OR is higher, especially if the person enters the OR. © 2016 Elsevier LtdMinistry of Economy and Competiveness project DPI2014-55357-C2-1-R cofinanced by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Energy use optimization in ventilation of operating rooms during inactivity periods

Producción CientíficaHospitals are highly energy demanding buildings, where simple actuations can involve large savings. However, energy efficiency actions must comply with the high safety standards. Operating rooms demand continuous ventilation despite the short activity periods. Setback during non-occupation of the operating rooms can reduce ventilation loads but must not hinder indoor overpressure to avoid infiltrations. Besides, it prevents any existing heat recovery system from operation. This work evaluates setback ventilation in operating rooms at a case study in Spain, from two approaches: its effect on indoor overpressure and its preference to an existing coil heat recovery (runaround) loop. It bases on monitored data of two operating rooms under setback and normal ventilation with operation of the heat recovery system. Seven tests are performed throughout the year, whose comparison to estimated results enables extrapolation to yearly operation. Results show that indoor overpressure maintain at 15 Pa under setback, thus meeting current and coming standards. Setback turned to be always preferable to hear recovery under cooling needs. Estimated heating and electric yearly supply energy savings reach 29 MWht and 262 MWhe, the latter accounting for 2% of the total electric energy consumption of the hospital during 2019.Junta de Castilla y León (grant EREN_2019_L2_UVA

EducaFarma 4.0

Memoria ID-0264. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2015-2016

Tendencia de la tuberculosis en la Comunidad de Madrid en población autóctona y extranjera (2009-2018)

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem and most cases are concentrated in vulnerable populations. The objective was to describe the incidence rates trend in native and foreign population (2009-2018) in Madrid Region. Methods: Retrospective analysis of cases from the Tuberculosis Regional Registry of cases of Madrid Region 2009-2018. Annual incidence rates were calculated by country of birth (Spain, other), sex and age group (<15, 15-34, 35-44, 45-64,> 64), using the annual January 1st continuous register population. The infection rate trend and the annual percentage change (APC) were calculated, along with the best jointpoint adjustment using Jointpoint regression. Results: 7,696 cases were analyzed, 48.2% were foreign- born individuals. Average age in native population was 50 years old (SD: 23.96) and 35 (DS: 36.64) in foreignborn individuals (p<0.001). The overall incidence rate decreased from 17.30 in 2009 to 9.00 per 100,000 in 2018 and was higher in men. Pulmonary tuberculosis reduced from 11.90 to 6.55. Among native population, the incidence of TB fell from 10.29 to 5.24 with an APC of -7.3% (95%IC: -8.9; -5.7) (p<0.05), no jointpoint was identified. Among foreign-born individuals the incidence of tuberculosis declined from 46.54 to 25.49, a joint point was identified in 2013, observing an incidence decrease for the period 2009- 2013 and APC of -13.8% (IC95%: -17.5; -10.0). Conclusions: The global incidence rate in this period has decreased by approximately 7% per year. However, this reduction occurred mainly in native population. In foreignborn individuals the incidence decreased by approximately 14% during the 2009-2013 period, after this period there have been no significant incidence changes.Fundamentos: La tuberculosis (TB) continúa siendo un problema importante de salud pública, debido a que la mayoría de los casos se concentran en población vulnerable. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la tendencia de las tasas de incidencia en población autóctona y extranjera (2009-2018) en la Comunidad de Madrid (CM). Métodos: Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de casos del Registro Regional de casos de Tuberculosis de la CM en el período 2009-2018. Se calcularon tasas de incidencia anual por cada 100.000 habitantes, por país de nacimiento (España, fuera de España), sexo y grupo de edad (<15, 15- 34, 35-44, 45-64,>64), utilizando las poblaciones de padrón continuo a 1 de enero de cada año. Se calculó la tendencia de las tasas de incidencia y el porcentaje anual de cambio (APC), así como el mejor ajuste del punto de inflexión utilizando la regresión de Jointpoint. Resultados: Se analizaron 7.696 casos, siendo el 48,2% en personas nacidas fuera de España. La edad media en población autóctona fue de 50 años (DS: 23,96) y 35 (DS: 36,64) en inmigrante (p<0,001). La tasa de incidencia global pasó de 17,30 por cada 100.000 habitantes en 2009 a 9 en 2018, siendo superior en hombres. La incidencia de tuberculosis pulmonar pasó de 11,90 a 6,55. En población autóctona, la incidencia de TB pasó de 10,29 a 5,24, con un APC de -7,3% (IC95%: -8,9; -5,7; p<0,05), y no se identificó ningún punto de inflexión. En población extranjera la incidencia de tuberculosis pasó de 46,54 a 25,49, identificándose un punto de inflexión en 2013, con una disminución más acusada de la incidencia para el periodo 2009-2013 debido a un APC de -13,8% (IC95%: -17,5; -10,0). Conclusiones: La tasa de incidencia global en este periodo disminuye cerca de un 7% anual; sin embargo, esta disminución de la incidencia se produce fundamentalmente en población autóctona. En población extranjera la incidencia desciende cerca de un 14% durante el periodo 2009- 2013. Tras este periodo no hay cambios significativos en la incidencia